T-Mobile Job Role and Organizational Structure - 1962 Words

Name: Rubel Ahmed Teacher: Lillian Unit: unit 4 Introduction In this assignment I will explain the job roles of T-Mobile. I will also discuss the structure that the organisation is. T-Mobile Sales assistant What We Are Looking For: †¢ Great attitude †¢ Outgoing †¢ Ambitious †¢ Creative †¢ Analytical The role of this job is to provide motivation for the sales team to do well and increase the amount of sales that they make. They have to make sure that the sales team is loyal and polite to customers so that customers come more to shop at their store. Also they have to make sure that the experience for customers is good and pleasurable so that they come in to the store more. Location: Cardiff Earnings:  £250 -  £350 OTE Starting†¦show more content†¦In this example structure, there is one person at the top with everyone else reporting into them on an equal level. Advantages of flat structures †¢ people feel more involved and can take on more responsibility †¢ greater communication †¢ better team spirit †¢ less bureaucracy and easier decision making †¢ lower costs Disadvantages of flat structures †¢ Decisions can get stuck as a result of consulting with many people. †¢ People may have matrix management , with more than one manager. †¢ Limited to smaller organizations. †¢ The function of each department a get blurred as roles merge. Hierarchical structures Many organizations structure themselves in a traditional and recognizable way using a hierarchy. The dictionary definition of hierarchy is a series of ordered groupings of people or things within a system. Hierarchy describes reporting levels and the status of people in the structure. This structure has lots of employees involved; it is used in large retail shops for example Tesco. Diagram of hierarchical structures Description of the diagram The hierarchical organization structure is pyramid-shaped. At the top of the structure is a single person, who has a small number of people reporting directly to them. Each of these people has several people reporting into them and the number of people at each level increases as you move down the structure. Advantages of hierarchical structures †¢ A hierarchical structure usesShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Structure Paper1230 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational Structure Paper For the past 3 years, I have worked for a company called 2020 communications. This company has many different contracts with other companies like Verizon, T-Mobile, and other wireless providers. As a Territorial Manager I do not work for these global wireless companies, we manage the territories and make sure that the actual stores are selling the company’s products and services. 2020 Communications has a simple structure that consists of a single individual that runsRead MoreApple s Organizational Structure And Culture1302 Words   |  6 PagesApple’s Organizational Structure and culture Organizational Structure A companies’ organizational structure dictates how to report priorities and strategies of upper management, and it directly impacts the success or failure of said company. In case of Apple, where are no committees and employees can easily share their opinion and ideas, we believe that the company is a collaborative company. To achieve the company goals, Apple collaborative structure designs to bring the teams together in a long-termRead MoreApple Organizational Analysis1013 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction Apple Inc. is an American multinational corporation headquartered in California. It designs, develops and sells consumer electronics, computer software and personal computers. The company was founded on April 1, 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne. Strategy Apple’s strategy has always revolved around innovation and creating a high-performance culture, through which it achieves and sustains its competitive advantage. MISSION STATEMENT â€Å"Apple is committedRead MoreBold Flash1112 Words   |  5 PagesBoldFlash: Cross-Functional Challenges in the Mobile Division 4. How does the division’s culture play a role in the discord? What has shaped this culture? A culture that exists within an organization is no different than the culture that exists within a society. This organisation is ultimately working toward the same goals, but they all have different ideas and purposes. BoldFlash is flawed and unorganized. Employees are following a submissive culture. They are on guard and feel that theyRead More Supervision Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesThe salesmans job often requires to produce innovative solutions to non routine problems every day sales team have to face the different and challenging customer as there were many other brands for the same medicine therefore, sales person have to try utmost to convince to prefer the brand for medicine and accomplish sales target. Every sales jobs of course, demand more innovativeness than others sales person should be very clear about his product its efficiency and effectiveness must have knowRead MoreDefinition Of Modern Management Approaches925 Words   |  4 Pagesinsights into methods and a pproaches to describe modern management in organizations. An organization can be thought of as a system consisting of three parts: task, structure and people society. First modern management techniques are explored through the tasks or functions carried out by managers. Second they are realized through the structure of organization. Third there impacts on people and society are examined. In the end, a conclusion is provided depicting the importance of modern management techniuesRead MoreTechnology and Organizational Structure1744 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology and Organizational Structure Wanda Armour University of Phoenix Technology and Organizational Structure This paper represents the research on how technology interacts with organizational structure. Two companies will be identified to compare and contrast their organizational structures. A matrix will be included to summarize the findings. Introduction Organizational structure in today’s complex multi-dimensional organizations is the connection that holds the infrastructure togetherRead MoreLeadership Style And Its Impact On The Employees Work Life Balance And Company Production1105 Words   |  5 Pageswhen compassion is shown to employees it sends a since of trust and allows a better work environment. When a leader has a closed door policy and is viewed not approachable, it can be disastrous for the overall mission and production of the company. Job-centered leaders closely supervise subordinates to make sure they perform their tasks following the specified procedures. This type of leader relies on reward, punishment, and legitimate power to influence the behavior of followers. It was proposedRead MoreHuman Resource Systems And Human Resources Essay948 Words   |  4 Pagesresource systems’ limitations and possible technology solutions to current problems in traditional and computerized HR methods. Information technology has influenced every single aspect of our lives. It also has been notably affective on organizational structures of businesses such as human resources. Technology changed the way how human resources recruit, select, motivate and train people. Researchers on this article argued that these technological improvements on human resource technology will improveRead MoreOrganizational Leadership Essay1265 Words   |  6 Pages2013). Therefore, indicating that individual leaders have a larger impact on empl oyee engagement, productivity, absenteeism, and attrition than many of the costly company strategies and programs designed and implemented to improve those critical organizational performance metrics. Do Leaders Impact the Company and its Results? Organizations led by good leaders that foster engaged employees, produce 10% higher customer satisfaction scores and 22% higher profits (Sorenson, 2013). Moreover, these organizations

Communication Management Challenges in Construction...

Go Up to Table of Contents | | Go To Chapter 2 (Organizing for Project Management) | The Owners Perspective Introduction The Project Life Cycle Major Types of Construction Selection of Professional Services Construction Contractors Financing of Constructed Facilities Legal and Regulatory Requirements The Changing Environment of the Construction Industry The Role of Project Managers References Footnotes | | | 1. The Owners Perspective 1.1 Introduction Like the five blind men encountering different parts of an elephant, each of the numerous participants in the process of planning, designing, financing, constructing and operating physical facilities has a different†¦show more content†¦From the viewpoint of project management, the terms owner and sponsor are synonymous because both have the ultimate authority to make all important decisions. Since an owner is essentially acquiring a facility on a promise in some form of agreement, it will be wise for any owner to have a clear understanding of the acquisition process in order to maintain firm control of the quality, timeliness and cost of the completed facility. From the perspective of an owner, the project life cycle for a constructed facility may be illustrated schematically in Figure 1-1. Essentially, a project is conceived to meet market demands or needs in a timely fashion. Various possibilities may be considered in the conceptual planning stage, and the technological and economic feasibility of each alternative will be assessed and compared in order to select the best possible project. The financing schemes for the proposed alternatives must also be examined, and the project will be programmed with respect to the timing for its completion and for available cash flows. After the scope of the project is clearly defined, detailed engineering design will provide the blueprint for construction, and the definitive cost estimate will serve as the baseline for cost control. In the procurement and construction stage, theShow MoreRelatedThe Necessities Of Developing Green Construction Project Management1261 Words   |  6 Pagesdeveloping green construction project management With the continuous deterioration of the global environment and increasingly serious ecological problems, it is imperative to promote the sustainable development of the earth. The high speed economic development and urbanization promote the rapid development of construction industry, expand the industrial scale, upgrade the industrial structure, and enhance the project quality. Promoting the sustainable development of construction industry in lineRead MoreNne Fast Track Projects874 Words   |  4 PagesSummary Novo Nordisk Engineering (NNE) went through a fundamental re-thinking of its business through the development of fast track projects in the pharmaceutical industry. The company succeeded in reducing the time needed to deliver a pharmaceutical factory from over three years down to 11 months winning the 2005 pharmaceutical Facility of the Year award. Fast-track projects meant a lot of pressure on the client, and some were just not ready to play. The client had to adapt to changes which many linkedRead MoreWhy The Master Scheduling For Consider Lean Or Not Lean Essay1285 Words   |  6 PagesAll construction sites over the world will need to decide the master scheduling for consider lean or not lean. Milestones are set and strategy chosen (Koskenvesa and Koskela 104) with the help some key trades. The purpose of this is to: ïÆ'Ëœ Demonstrate the feasibility of completing the work within the available time ïÆ'Ëœ Display an execution strategy that can serve as a basic coordinating device ïÆ'Ëœ Determine when long lead items will be needed Pull Planning is a phase â€Å"carried out in collaboration betweenRead MoreObjectives: Fixing The Objective Is Like Identifying The856 Words   |  4 Pageseffectiveness of the Project Management to complete project time. 2. To find the role of project management in the success of construction companies. 3. To find the scope of project management to reduce the cost of the raw material in the ongoing building project. The study on role of project management in construction industry is to execute a project so that deliverables can meet scope requirements on budget Intro:Construction Management is not a new idea. The function of the Construction Manager is toRead MoreCase Study : High Tech And Global Engineering Group901 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment (RD), has enabled us achieve world-leading positions in the following areas: †¢ Tools and tooling systems for metal cutting as well as components in cemented carbide and other hard materials †¢ Equipment and tools for the mining and construction industries as well as various types of processing systems †¢ Products in advanced stainless steels, special alloys and titanium as well as metallic and ceramic resistance materials [1] Strategic Plan Safety first is Sandvik Materials TechnologyRead MoreDifferent Types Of Research Method Essay1352 Words   |  6 Pagesare designed to introduce participants to the five elements of the Last Planner: All construction sites over the world will need to decide the master scheduling for consider lean or not lean. Milestones are set and strategy chosen (Koskenvesa and Koskela 104) with the help some key trades. The purpose of this is to: ïÆ'Ëœ Demonstrate the feasibility of completing the work within the available time ïÆ'Ëœ Display an execution strategy that can serve as a basic coordinating device ïÆ'Ëœ Determine when long lead itemsRead MoreExecutive Summary : Reorganization Of The Company1160 Words   |  5 PagesExecutive Summary Reorganization of the company is done to restructure the business activities, conducted by the management. Decision to restructure the company is undertaken to increase earnings and improve production efficiency. Decision to reorganize the business activities is a lengthy process, and needs effective planning. By restricting the business conduct, the management improves the earning ability for the company. Contents Introduction 5 Issue 5 Support system 5 Failure inducedRead MoreCommunication Is An Important Element Of Communication1342 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication is the process of collecting all relevant information, interpret them and effectively transmitting the information to the person who might need it. Communication is an important parameter involved in project. Project team member has to collaborate, share and integrate information and knowledge to realize project objectives. It is mandatory to understand the communication process. Communication has three components, i.e. sender, transmitter and receiver. And there is also another componentRead MoreCommon Characteristics Of Mega Construction Projects Essay1325 Words   |  6 Pagesand most critical phase in construction projects which contributes to the success or failure of the project. One of the common characteristics of mega construction projects is that they include multiple stakeholders: Organizations, Clients, Governments sometimes, Consultants and the Recipien ts. Therefore, variable conflicts might occur between these stakeholders as a result of variations in interests, requirements, perspectives, expectations or methods of communication. Many studies have addressedRead MoreProject Success and Failures1682 Words   |  7 PagesMGMT 6320 Project Success and Failure Examples Chapter 1 Aaron Hart 1/18/2011 â€Æ' Table of Contents Project Failure Example- Space Station: Inadequate Planning and Design Led to Propulsion Module Project Failure. 3 Nature of the Project 3 Budget and Time Frame for the Project 3 Challenges Faced in the Project 4 Project Failure Results 4 Project Success Example- Fort Bliss Site Development Services- Nation’s Largest Military Communication Installation using Green Technology

The Death Penalty Is No Different From Murder - 1994 Words

The death penalty is no different from murder. In both cases, a human’s life is taken. How is there any justice in taking away someone else’s life? Of course, some might say, â€Å"It is only an eye for an eye†, that it is only right they pay with their lives for what they did; however, how are we any different from these murders if we repeat the actions they committed as they took away our loved ones? Killing someone will not bring back the people we lost; so, why do we kill them? The death penalty does not bring justice to anyone. It just shows the absolute power and supremacy of a state as they seem to think they are in charge of one’s life. A government-sponsored system that kills its own citizens? A system that shows us killing is wrong†¦show more content†¦To begin with, does this system actually punish the true criminals? Do they always have the right person to blame? Sadly, this does not seem to be the case as the death penalty has been pr oven to put innocent lives at risk. â€Å"Since the reinstatement of the death penalty in the United States in 1976, 138 innocent men and women have been released from death row, including some who came within minutes of execution. In Missouri, Texas and Virginia investigations have been opened to determine if those states executed innocent men† (The Facts: 13 Reasons to Oppose the Death Penalty). To execute an innocent person is morally reprehensible; this is a risk we cannot take. This is a point that, Bryan Stevenson, an American lawyer, social justice activist, founder of the Equal Justice Initiative, and a clinical professor at New York University School of Law, tries to argue in his book, Just Mercy. In one of his most famous cases that he discusses in his book, Stevenson helps exonerate a man on the death row. Walter McMillian was convicted of killing 18-year-old Ronda Morrison, who was found under a clothing rack at a dry cleaner in Monroeville, Alabama, in 1986. Thre e witnesses testified against McMillian, while six witnesses, who were black, testified that he was at a church fish fry at the time of the crime. McMillian was found guilty and held on death row for six years. Stevenson decided to take on the case to defend McMillian, but a judge tried to talk him out

Modern Technology In Business Essay - 1571 Words

Using Modern Technology To Improve Small Business Advances in technology over the last couple decades have transformed the way small businesses work and communicate, enabling jobs to be completed faster, more effective and more efficient. Technology offers plenty of opportunities for small businesses to make things like marketing and managing a team easier. Small businesses can implement business technology and level the playing field with larger organizations. A growing number of small businesses rely on technology to increase efficiency, manage expenses, grow profitability and improve performance. According to SMB Group’s 2015 Routes to Market Study, 29 percent of all small businesses view technology as helping them to improve outcomes†¦show more content†¦The data can also give accurate delivery times. This in return will gain creditability for a business. Time tracking can mean the difference between an over-worked, stressed-out team and a well-oiled project machi ne. Time tracking software such as Mavenlink, Tsheets, and FunctionFox are great choices for small businesses just starting to use time tracking software. Modern Marketing Another example of a great way to use modern technology to improve small business is marketing. The core of any business success is in its marketing. Most parts of your business depend on successful marketing. This is exactly why using modern technology to improve marketing a small business is so important. For a business to be successful, the products or services it provides must be recognized by possible buyers. If a business is already known to people in the community and already has loyal customers this is not an issue. If a business is new and unknown to people, the business must act to make their products and services known to potential customers. There are several ways to use technology to market a business. One of the best ways is to take advantage of the power of local online directories to further improve a business’ â€Å"findability† on the web. Create profiles of a business on a Google Places page, a Yahoo Local listing, and the Bing Business Portal and app ly solid Search Engine Optimization (SEO) techniques for best results. Establishing thisShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Technology On The Modern World1547 Words   |  7 PagesImpact Of Technology In the Modern World Throughout the life, some influences have shaped people the way they live their lives today. Impact of a virtual connection, and go beyond the brain’s ability, is rising in an eyesight bling, which is a cause of socialization— brain’s ability to multitask and their consequences itself. The usage of the internet is creating conflict upon individuals that they have become modern in today’s world. In the essay â€Å"The Limit Of Friendship† by Maria Konnikova, whoRead MoreThe Role Of Management During The 21st Century : Challenges And Opportunities1080 Words   |  5 Pages The development in management studies has flourished largely; it is with no doubt that the internet and information technologies have caused this major development. On one hand, the classic management practices became less effective in organisations. On the other hand, the effects of the global economy have introduced new management concepts that shape the world business activities. Historically, the industrial revolution generated most of the managerial principles. For instance, the financialRead MoreThe Role Of Management During The 21st Century : Challenges And Opportunities Essay943 Words   |  4 PagesThe role of Management in the 21st century: Challenges and Opportunities The development in management practices has flourished greatly; it is with no doubt that the internet and information technologies have caused this major development. By contrast with the classic management practices became less effective in organisations. One can refer the reason to the internet evolution as the key that influenced many industries. Historically, the industrial revolution generated most of the managerial principlesRead MoreThe Evolution Of Management Studies1116 Words   |  5 Pages The evolution in management studies has grown significantly due to the appearance of the information technologies. In contrast, the classic management practices became less effective in many organisations. Historically, the industrial revolution generated most of the managerial principles. For instance, the financial department concern about the return on investment, while the marketing department focuses in the marginal profit and market shares. The strategic division pursue a compet itive positioningRead MoreAnalysis Of John Lennon, John Jackson Do Celebrities Die Anymore805 Words   |  4 PagesCelebrities The essay â€Å"John Lennon, Michael Jackson: Do Celebrities Die Anymore?† (2011) by Katrina Onstad is informative. It explains the business of dead celebrities and the new possibilities of the current technology brings with it, so that it seems that they are even alive today. Besides the illusive immortality of celebrities, it proves to be a lucrative business. However, Onstad’s writing fails to answer its own thesis and loses its thread throughout the essay. The title of the essay is a rhetoricalRead MoreTo What Extent Is Psychological Contract Applicable in the 21st Century?954 Words   |  4 Pagespaid more attention to than before. It appears that a fair and positive psychological contract may contribute to success of a business. The first session of the essay will define what psychological contract is. The second session will discuss the changes of the psychological contract in 21st century, and the third will show how psychological contract is applicable in business in this new century. The following section will discuss why the psychological contract is not applicable in some situationsRead MoreExplain How the Role of an Accountant Has Changed over Time. Essay1440 Words   |  6 Pagesaccountant in modern business. I. Introduction. Thesis statement: Many changes have happened in Accounting in the last few years. Most of which are differences in styles and also ways to implement this knowledge in modern business. II. 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Importance of Recycling and Waste Into Use in Architecture Free Essays

string(113) " and aluminum tins are used as cosmetic wall constituents that creates an challenging artistic design statement\." Importance of recycling and waste into usage in architecture Abstraction In the present twenty-four hours the most urgent environmental job is planetary heating and clime alteration. This job of planetary heating and clime alteration are majorly caused due to the carbon dioxide emanations, caused by the combustion of fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas. But it besides comes from deforestation. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of Recycling and Waste Into Use in Architecture or any similar topic only for you Order Now Today tonss of co2 emanations are taking topographic point due to the activities of adult male. One of them is the production of different stuffs and merchandises. These merchandises are made for specific intents, which satisfies the human demand. Once the merchandise is non purposeful any longer, they are considered as waste. Today these wastes have become a serious job. This paper describes how these merchandises have contributed to planetary heating throughout its life rhythm and eventually ends up as a waste. And how an designers can recycle those waste merchandises for design and building intents. As a secondary instance study the plants of designer Michael Reynolds and Shigeru Ban has been analysed and discussed. The thought is to provide to the present twenty-four hours dining demand of believing cleverly for the jobs of environment as a whole. The paper concludes with an effort to follow the discussed technique into simple twenty-four hours today tool of little furniture. Th is experiment is an illustration of how easy can ne follow this construct into any graduated table of design and contribute towards nature. Keywords:Embodied energy, Global heating, Life rhythm of merchandises, Recycling, Sustainability. Introduction At present, the lifting demand of what we province as ‘resource’ has led us to believe about, are things around us simply a resource? The beautiful nature, is it merely for us to devour? Aren’t we every bit responsible to take attention of the same? We have now taken in our custodies the creative activity and devastation of anything and everything as per our demand and comfort. We create merchandises for our usage and so it’s the same ‘us’ who regard it a waste. It’s finally us, who are the Godheads of both the merchandise and the waste. Today, there are limitless semisynthetic byproducts, example-tires, bottles etc. which can be used as building stuffs. As a affair of fact all these merchandises are free of cost. These byproducts are considered as waste ( a state of affairs in which something valuable is non being used ) in common. Now it is clip to entree all the stuffs and give a proper topographic point possible in the edifice as an designer. The thought of the survey is to analyze what can be done to devour less energy. As energy is non something which is traveling to last forever, it’s our duty to believe about it before it becomes excessively late. And ingestion of excessively much of energy and resources are responsible for other jobs like pollution and eventually planetary heating. With the promotion of engineering, industries today are bring forthing merchandises and stuffs in copiousness, least bothered about environmental effects. The aim of the paper is to happen out an alternate method for the present life rhythm of stuff so that, we as an designer can hold our part towards the whole job that the universe is meeting today. The whole procedure should besides lend to the profession of an designer in order to make something more originative and sustainable together. The life rhythm of the stuffs In order to cognize the importance of recycling any produc and to measure the method of recycling, it is of import to cognize its life rhythm. Every merchandises has similar life rhythm, and throughout its full rhythm of life clip, the stuff consumes energy in different signifiers, from the initial phase of fabrication boulder clay the terminal of its usage. Which is shown in the figure 1.1. This amount of energy inputs to do a merchandise is itsembodied energy. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.001.png"Fig. 1.1. Energy ingestions and co2 emanations in different phases of production. Beginning: www.lifecycleinitiative.org To bring forth all these points or stuffs, it needs to utilize the resources of our planet. First, the extraction of natural resources itself consumes big sum of energy and it besides causes environmental debasement and contributes to planetary heating. These natural resources are pure in signifier, which are so processed to do the stuffs. In this procedure of production the resources has to be converted to get the particular point which involves great trade of energy ingestion to change over those stuffs. After it is manufactured it goes for bringing, which requires transit seashore and energy. ( Curran, 2006 ) Smart and effectual methods of recycling Recycling can happen in several ways. A merchandise might be reused, which is what happens when a fictile cup is washed and reused alternatively of being thrown off. It could be sent to merchandise remanufacture, where the stuffs it contains are used to do another merchandise. Hence these two types of recycling eliminates all the other production phases. Therefore assisting in cut downing the negative impacts of resource depletion and carbon dioxide emanations. Which is shown in the figure 1.2 and figure 1.3. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.014.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.013.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.012.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.011.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.010.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.009.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.008.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.007.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.006.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.005.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.004.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amaz onaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.003.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.002.png"/ Fig. 1.2. Showing how material re-using of merchandise can salvage energy and waste by extinguishing material production and fabrication and bringing phase. Beginning: green-manufacturing.blogspot.in img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.003.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.002.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.022.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.021.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.020.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.019.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.018.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.017.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.016.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.015.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.009.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amaz onaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.008.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1332148.004.png" Fig. 1.3. Showing how material re-used to fabricate new merchandises save energy and waste by extinguishing material production phase. Beginning: green-manufacturing.blogspot.in Case surveies Two instance surveies are selected to put an illustration for both the above mentioned methods of recycling severally. Case I: Earthship 1.1Introduction: Earthship is an environmental friendly house made from recycled stuffs. By and large made of earth-filled tyres, glass bottle and aluminum sodium carbonate tins. The primary stuff utilized as a structural constituent of earthship is the car tyre which is filled with compacted Earth to organize a modular, thermic mass brick. The other common reclaimable points like glass bottles and aluminum tins are used as cosmetic wall constituents that creates an challenging artistic design statement. You read "Importance of Recycling and Waste Into Use in Architecture" in category "Essay examples" ( HODGE, 2007 ) 1.2 History: The construct of earthship was originated by Michael Reynolds a southern US designer, with the airy purpose for these places to be independent and everlasting while characteristically alining with the environment instead than deteriorating it. Reynolds had been experimenting on this edifice of all time since he graduated from architecture school in 1968. ( HODGE, 2007 ) Tsunami in the twelvemonth 2004. Microphone and his crew shows the subsisters how to utilize Surs, plastic bottles and bamboo to construct house. The undertaking succeeded and was granted immediate blessing by the Indian governments. ( HODGE, 2007 ) It was a great encouragement for Reynolds. Then he continues his following work at New Orleans which was attacked by hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005. Followed by another hurricane pommeling northern Mexico and Texas. ( HODGE, 2007 ) 1.3 Aims To cut down the overall negative effects that conventional lodging has on the planet. As it relates to the Earth ‘s ability to go on to back up life. To construct a self-sustainable house which will alter the life style of the people for dependence on dwindling supplies of H2O, gas and oil. 1.4 Advantages Energy efficiency– the Earth packed tyre wall provide a big sum of thermic mass, which keeps the house cool in the summer and warm in the winter. Self-sustainability– the earthship is designed to take advantage of natural resources. It uses recycle stuffs, inactive solar energy, incorporate H2O reaping system and renewable solar and air current power. Build ability– it can be built without holding any specialised building accomplishments. Basic woodworking, plumbing and electric accomplishments are required. Easy handiness– since it uses recycled stuffs, like Surs, bottles etc. it’s easy to acquire those points. ( Michael Reynolds, 2014 ) 1.5 Nature of the stuffs To fulfill the design end and public presentation demands of an earthship biotecture, the nature of the stuff for an earthship must hold certain features established. Which should aline with the environment of the planet, instead than deteriorating it. Autochthonal– the stuff should be easy found all over the planet. So that it is easy accessible to the common people. Else transporting stuffs from long distance is non sustainable which uses inordinate sum of energy. But in malice of being autochthonal, if the stuff requires monolithic sum of energy to manner into a useable signifier, so it would non be sustainable. Therefore we must research stuffs and methods which are non dependent on manufactured energy so that it can lend to the wellbeing of the planet instead than work it. Thermal mass– the stuff which envelope the earthship should be heavy and monolithic in order to hive away the temperature required to supply a habitable environment. Lastingness– we should seek for the stuff that is lasting as an built-in quality instead than seeking to paint for lastingness. Resilient– temblor is an issue that has to be taken into consideration, which release horizontal motion or agitating to the construction, so we should take such stuff with resiliency. Brittle stuffs like concrete interruptions and cleft. So should prefer a structural stuff that is rubbery or resilient. Which would let flexibleness without failure. ( Michael Reynolds, 2014 ) Case II: Shigeru ban’s reclaimable paper composition board tubings Nipponese designer Shigeru Ban designs impermanent lodging made of paper tubings in catastrophes countries. In impermanent lodging, edifices are demolished in a twelvemonth or half, as a consequence tonss of industrial wastes are being produced. ( Ban, 2013 ) To do pre-construction of impermanent lodging better, Ban constructs his catastrophe alleviation shelters by using reclaimable unlifelike paper tubings for columns, walls and beams. Better in the sense that this reclaimable paper tubings are locally available, cheap, easy to transport, saddle horse and dismantle and most significantly they are reclaimable. Prohibitions human-centered work began with the response to the 1994 struggle in Rwanda, which threw tonss of people into tragic life conditions. Before his work, the refugees were provided shelter by building houses of aluminum poles and fictile sheets, which was non economical for this type of building. Ban proposed his thought of paper tubing shelters to the United Nations High Commission for refugees. And during 1995, earth temblor in Kobe, Japan, Ban developed the â€Å"paper log house† . For foundation beer crates filled with sand bags are used, while paper tubings are lined up vertically for walls and the roofs are covered with fictile sheets. ( AD Editorial Team, 2014 ) The units are easy to level and the stuffs are appropriate for recycling. ( Preston A ; Bank, 2012 ) Discussion and suggestion Both the instance surveies can be taken as standard illustrations of how the thought of utilizing waste into architectural vocabulary can be carried out. These two instance surveies province method of reusing of a waste in an effectual manner which is much more advanced and effectual than the conventional method of recycling. The thought is to understand the overall procedure of planing with the aid of such stuffs and techniques. Michael Reynolds’ procedure of recycling and recycling the waste merchandises to utilize it as an alternate edifice stuff is cutting short the whole procedure of bring forthing building stuff and besides farther processing of the same. Similarly, on the other manus Shigeru Bans’ smart choice of reclaimable paper tubes prevents the girl usage of other possible and expensive building stuffs. Therefore the best option for cutting down the negative effects of the production of different stuffs and merchandises is ; 1. Use of recycling stuffs every bit much as possible ; 2. Use of locally available stuffs to cut down the usage of fuel and to forestall carbon dioxide gas emanation while transit of stuffs ; 3. Use common architecture. An effort: Furniture with paper composition board. Paper composition board is fundamentally made for packaging intents merely. Then they are being thrown off, as a consequence it ends up being waste and they hence organize a really big part of the domestic every bit good as commercial waste. Taking farther the construct discussed in the paper boulder clay now, we can do usage of this stuff in several ways. One of which can be to use them for doing furniture. Furniture are largely made from forests and metals. Making furniture ‘s out of paper composition board can be economical and environmental friendly. Furniture ‘s life rhythm are most likely to be maximal 5 to 7 old ages. The ground has assorted facets sing from strength, aesthetics, and human physiology. Therefore why non utilize paper composition boards to do furniture ‘s, which will function the exact intent. Most common furniture ‘s are table, chair and bed. Taking chair into consideration, the map of the chair is to back up the whole weight of a individual, which cardboard can non make entirely. Hence there is a demand for this basic stuff to be improvised before direct usage. Paper board has certain features belongingss which are derived surely from the manner it is manufactured. The basic fundamental law of paper composition board is outlined by three beds in which the top and bottom bed service as the base and the in-between bed is arranged in serpentine mode, sandwiches with two beds of paper board. In our instance the in-between bed is the cardinal factor in obtaining the board’s maximal strength, it is done in a mode that the in-between bed has to run along perpendicular to coerce applied. The strength can besides be obtained with different forms and articulations. In instance of form, cylindrical form provides maximal strength. But the cardinal factor mentioned above , that is the alliance of paper is compulsory. The advantage of doing furniture out of paper composition board is that the chair or designed furniture will be light weight, easy to manage, easy movable and of class environment friendly. It’s easy to do because it does n’t necessitate profession specialization, usage of really basic tools and small difficult work will be more than plenty. Decision The gait of blind development and industrialization has today lead us to a point from where we can see the hereafter of our coming coevals drowned within the fume of the Satan industries, mines, refineries and many more. A universe which will be wholly isolated from what we know as our female parent nature as we won’t be left with any of it. This ne’er stoping greed of worlds is non taking the right manner. There is a demand to wake up and understand the roots of the job to do it halt or decelerate down. This paper talks about one some really little but basic job and some efforts which can assist us acquiring closer in obtaining a better universe. It touches upon the procedure of fabrication of any merchandise and the byproducts of the same. The paper negotiations about the assorted jobs caused because of the wastage of used merchandises. It highlights upon the alternate lifecycle of a merchandise which can assist in non merely conserving energy but besides in forestalling a batch of environmental impact. Bing an designer what function can be played in the whole procedure and how can we lend towards the same by following these used stuffs into our built signifiers without giving to any other facet of the edifice. The two discussed instances help us to acquire an overall position of the whole effort and how can such a methodological analysis be best adapted maintaining in head the aesthetic of the edifice integral. The stuffs used in both the instances are basic stuffs of waste which we all are familiar with. The first instance Michael Reynolds is a radical construct which has inspired a batch of designer all over the universe. The efficiency of the designer in accomplishing the desired is model. The doctrine of cutting short the procedure of recycle of stuff has been good achieved. The 2nd instance of Shigeru Bans is besides reflecting upon the creativeness and consciousness of the designer in accomplishing simple but alone design with the aid of basic stuffs which were considered waste for building. Towards the terminal the paper leads to an effort of planing a merchandise of architectural usage with the aid of similar â€Å"waste considered† stuffs. The design of the furniture is an illustration carried out to understand how the spectrum of this construct can change from large architectural elements to a little architectural constituent as furniture. The really basic design of a simple chair can be taken as theoretical account to believe about this whole thought in all graduated tables and besides different stuffs. The paper ends with a little note of suggestion about what are the assorted things that can be kept in head while choosing a stuff and how efficient can be the whole procedure economically excessively. Mentions AD Editorial Team. ( 2014, march 24 ) .The Human-centered Works of Shigeru Ban. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.archdaily.com: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.archdaily.com/489255/the-humanitarian-works-of-shigeru-ban/ Ban, S. ( 2013, may ) .Ted. Retrieved from www.ted.com: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ted.com/talks/shigeru_ban_emergency_shelters_made_from_paper? language=en Curran, M. A. ( 2006 ) . LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT: Principle AND PRACTICE.Scientific Applications International Corporation. HODGE, O. ( Director ) . ( 2007 ) .GARBAGE WARRIOR[ Motion Picture ] . Michael Reynolds, K. J. ( 2014, october 4 ) . hypertext transfer protocol: //earthship.com/construction-materials. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //earthship.com/ . Preston, S. J. , A ; Bank, L. C. ( 2012 ) . Portals to an Architecture: Design of a impermanent construction with paper tubing arches.Construction and Building Materials. How to cite Importance of Recycling and Waste Into Use in Architecture, Essay examples

Enterprise Risk Management Plan

Question: Describe about the Enterprise Risk Management Plan. Answer: 1. Introduction The study comprises of the information and analysis on the gathered information regarding the Enterprise Risk Management Plan. The analyzed information later will be utilized for the purpose of using it for water and sewerage authority of Trinidad and Tobago. The activity, enterprise risk management, is based on four phases such as designing-planning, developing-benchmarking, measuring-monitoring, and learning-reporting (Abrams et al. 2012, 221). The activities are carried out by the enterprises for minimizing the consequence of risks on its profit and fund (Ballantyne 2013, 56). The risk handling plan is not only about the managing the risks that can create accidental losses but it also manages the risks that are related to strategic, financial, and operational and various other risks. For reducing the risk issues in the water and sewerage system, all the described phases will be properly executed. 2. Enterprise Risk Management The only truth that never changes is that in the enterprises the change as well as the opportunities and risks that the related to that particular change is constant. In the current year, the enterprise risk management or ERM has serious attention of the enterprises because of the external factors (Bromiley et al. 2015, 269). It has become mandatory for the private and government industries, even the investors, to examine the management policies and activities of an ERM. The change in various aspects of society and technology is another reason of enterprises risks. The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission or the COSO defines Enterprise Risk Management in the following manner (Jeppesen et al. 2015, 62): According to Banerjee (2016, 68) Enterprise risk management is a process, effected by an entitys board of directors, management and other personnel, applied in strategy setting and across the enterprise, designed to identify potential events that may affect the entity, and manage risk to be within its risk appetite, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of entity objectives. The above mentioned quote reflects the following fundamental concepts about the Enterprise resource management framework: Enterprise resource management is essentially an ongoing process that is conducted in a continuous manner in an organization (Antweiler 2014, 45). The process is undoubtedly affected by the decisions of the higher management that drives the organization. The said process is employed across all sections of the enterprise and across all levels (Ballantyne 2013, 87). The process is essentially aimed at the identification of those events that have the potential of generating risk scenarios: the identification of such incidents is essential so as to develop the strategies for mitigating them (Banerjee 2016, 71). 2.1 Objective of the Enterprise risk management process Researchers Barton, Shenkir and Walker (2012, 155) are of the opinion that framework of the Enterprise risk management process is designed in manner so as to achieve the objectives of an entity, the objectives belonging to the following categories: Strategic: The high level goals of the organization in concern, the goals being aligned with the mission and vision of the organization in consideration (Baxter et al. 2013, 1273). Operations: The optimized utilization of the resources available to the organization Reporting: The reliability and the efficiency with which the organizational reports are generated (Bromiley et al. 2014, 273). Compliance: The compliance of the organizational activities with the legislative laws and regulations of the country is also rudimentary. According to Lautze et al. (2014, 61), the objectives that relate to compliance and the report are essentially with regulations and laws which are inside the organizational control, enterprise risk management which is expect to give sensible assurance of reaching those goals. Accomplishment of operation and strategic goals, however, it is related to outer events and not always inside the organizational control. For this goals the enterprise risk management can given a sensible assurance that the board and the management in default role, which are aware in time of the degree to which the organization is going towards the accomplishment of the goals (Pritchard and PMP 2014, 31). 2.2 Components of ERM Eight correlated elements are there in ERM (Enterprise Risk Management). Now these components are taken out from the management that operates an organization and are implemented with the workflow of management (Quadri, Komal and Khalil 2015, 209). These components are mentioned below in detail: Inner Environment: It surrounds the voice of an enterprise, and sets the base for how the risk is reviewed and consider by an organizational individual who includes risk managements concept and integrity, risk appetite, environment and the ethical values. Event Identification: The external and internal events affect the accomplishment of an organizations goals that must be located and differentiate between the opportunities and risks. The possibilities are rolled back to the organization management goal setting processes or strategy. Set Objective: The existence of objectives is must preexisting management that can locate the potentials events which affects the organization accomplishment (Toze 2016, 150). ERM make sure that the management has in space to flow to set the targets and that selected targets align and support with the organizations missions and are uniform with their risk appetite. Risk Response: Risk responses is selected by management- accepting, decreasing, avoiding or risk sharing- creating a set of activities for risk alignment with the organizations risk appetite and tolerances. Monitor: The whole of ERM is reviewed and changes are done if required. Monitor is achievement through continual management actions or separate reviews (Warrick and Ekwue 2014, 225). Control Activities: The procedure and policies are creating and integrated to help and make sure the responses of risk are effectively moved forward. Communication and Information: Specific and right data is located, gathered and communicated in a way and the timeframe which enables the individuals to understand their responsibilities. Good and useful communication also happens in a flowing down, larger sense, up the organization and across (Snyder 2013, 32). The ERM is not strictly to be an ongoing process, where a single element affects only the next. It is said to have multiple directions or multidirectional and repetitive process in which any of the component does and can influence other component. According to Sato et al. (2013, 12), the key elements of the Enterprise Risk Management are listed out below: Culture- Discipline. Basic Measurement Basic Language Comprehensive Reporting Corporate Risk Appetite Continual Development of Processes and Tools Controls 2.3 The Significance of Change Through the centuries one thing that has been learned is continuous change in everything is a part of life. The change in the technology and the social medians has the most significant impact on the repetitive nature of change (Covello and Mumpower 2012, 112). The change in policies, regulations and laws are a great factor in enterprise management plan. As the consumers are the source of any organizations profit, the change in culture is another factor in organizational change. The impact of change on organizational risks is very straight forward and direct (Driver and Bernard 2012, 531). The changes ask for creating other processes in the organizations that will be perfect for making the profit in future. The change in the organization's either in entire or partial processes are the source of risks (Dean et al. 2012, 243). It is because the changes may not be flexible enough to flow smoothly within the organizational activities, and also it can damage the working integrity or flow o f the employees. If a change is not conducted with proper guidance, it can lead any organization toward a bitter future. Therefore, the change is a big factor in any small, medium or big enterprise. 2.4 Designing and Planning An enterprise has to completely consider the effect of any considered change on the organizations various business aspects (Lane et al. 2015, 141). For that reason, the proper designing and planning are very crucial. The risk management policy of an enterprise must be comprised of risk strategy, protocols, and framework. The risk management policies must be holding the following sections. Risk management goals and Internal control. The information regarding the control environment or risk aware culture. The view of the organization toward that risk (Dickinson 2011, 360). Criteria for benchmarking and monitoring risks. Risk processes and priorities regarding the forthcoming years. Training topics and priorities. Allocation of the proper resources for managing the risk (Driver and Bernard 2012, 538). The documentation to examine and reporting risk. The comprehensive initiative in terms of ERM indicates the first step toward success. As the risk managements improved standard is a progressive process, achieving it instantly is not possible (McNeil 2013, 2). During the development process, the scope and the initiative process of the ERM are being developed by the organization. The benefit of the organization decides the initiative and the scope of the enterprise risk management, and also it gets influenced by the requirements and expectations of distinct stakeholders in the organization. The range of the risk management features depends on the nature of the enterprise. The risk supervision features that may sort from an individual risk champion to a part-time risk manager, to a full-scale risk administration branch (O'Donnell 2011, 181). The part of the inner review capacity will likewise vary from one association to another. In deciding the most proper part for inner review, the association needs to guarantee that the autonomy and objectivity of inward review are definitely not traded off. 2.5 Developing and Benchmarking Risk assessment is a generally vital part of the risk administration process. So as to accomplish an extensive risk administration approach, an association needs to attempt appropriate and adequate risk appraisals (Hrudey, Hrudey and Pollard 2012, 951). The risk assessment will be required as a feature of the basic leadership forms planned to abuse business opportunities. One method for guaranteeing that risk is a piece of basic business leadership is to guarantee that a risk evaluation is connected to all methodology papers introduced to the Board. It is critical that the Board sets regulations regarding risk taking in approval of a variety of potential and existing risks, and a few connections have been created regarding risk longing announcement that is appropriate for all kinds of risks (Jaramillo et al. 2015, 20). It is basically straightforward for an organization to confirm that it has no intension of bringing about risk and un-well wellbeing. On the other hand, notwithstandin g, maybe this must to be constructed into an understanding of concerns for security and wellbeing implementation. There exists a risk that risk hankering demonstrations ignore to be dynamic, and they can be obliged in terms of fast reaction and conduct (Jeppesen et al. 2015, 91). 2.6 Determining and Supervising Keeping the record of the risk assessment in a risk register is a frequent incident. The document that is served as the risk register is an important part of the enterprise business and still there no such format that can be described as a used as suitable formats regarding constructing the documentation (Toze 2016, 158). Instead of considering the risk register as a static record in terms of the risks that the organization faces, it should be treated as a plan that describes the action that the organization is going to carry out against the existing and potential risks, and it holds the further information of the actions that are planned. In addition, observing the adequacy of the existing controls and the execution of extra controls, the cost-adequacy of the existing controls ought to likewise be checked (Quadri, Komal and Khalil 2015, 32). Furthermore, observing and measuring incorporates assessment of the risk mindful society and the risk administration system, and appraisal of t he degree to which hazard administration errands are adjusted with other corporate exercises (Lane et al. 2015, 141). Inspecting and calculating expand to the assessment of execution, society, and willingness of the enterprise (Lautze et al. 2014, 25). The scope of activities are being protected by measuring and checking, furthermore includes observing the risks regarding change suggestions and evaluation of the implementing of risk administration movements in the enterprise. In addition, regular observation of risks carrying out markers is an aspect of the recommendation (Mandri-Perrott and Stiggers 2013, 95). 2.7Reporting and Learning Completing the input circle on the risk administration activity comprises of the important steps of obtaining as a matter of information and providing an account of implementation (McNeil 2013, 1). Keeping in concern the final objective to gain as a matter of fact, an organization requires auditing risk implementation pointers and measures the commitment that project risk management has carried out to the achievement of the organization (McNeil, Frey and Embrechts 2015, 66). Various elements of obtaining as a matter of fact include evaluation of appraisal estimate and reports of the wellsprings of risk verification accessible to the committee and the study advisory group (Nankani 2012, 52). An evaluation of the level of confirmation thats been acquired is likewise important. Notwithstanding inward correspondence and informing, there will be an obligation on associations to report remotely. Outside informing ought to provide valuable information to partners on the condition of risk administration also, the activities that are being made to guarantee the constant change in implementation (Nocco and Stulz 2012, 12). 2.8 Importance of ERM ERM empowers an association to organize and allow assets against those risks that support the proceeded with maintainability of the association (O'Donnell 2011, 178). As it were, an association's capacity to keep up something of worth, taken as an example, the conveyance of administrations or items to clients) depends on its capacity to comprehend and get ready for those risks that may obstruct the accomplishment of its business targets/objectives or risks that could fundamentally impede its capital (Peters et al. 2014, 299). ERM reveals risks keeping in mind the end goal to manufacture authoritative versatility furthermore, maintainability. Hierarchical versatility, or a venture's capacity to recoup rapidly from mishaps, is especially vital when a risk is unavoidable or non-transferrable. RM binds revealed risks to controls found in setting up administration frameworks (Petersa and Goberdhanb 2016, 33). ERM, through association with Internal Audit, screens the association's trust in the built up control frameworks for dealing with the revealed risks. In conjunction with other risk partners, the ERM structure accommodates assessment of this administration control programs/forms also, frameworks (Pritchard and PMI 2014, 18). ERM supports cross-utilitarian talk of potential unintended results. By setting up risk reporting as a major aspect of administration's typical business audits, at whatever recurrence bodes well for the association, the Chiefs have a more extensive point of view of the risk interdependencies (Nocco and Stulz 2012, 20). These interdependencies relate not just to the risks themselves, in any case, incorporate the particular risk medicines attempted for every risk. 3. Risk Management Plan In every successful project, it is essential to incorporate a sufficient risk management plan and strategy for developing an appropriate method to handle potential risks associated with a particular project or even an organization (Sato et al. 2013, 6). For this purpose, a risk management plan consists of a number of systematic stages that are to be carried out in methodical, sequential as well as iterative manner. Almost every business industry and organizations needs to smartly deal with the emerging risks and threats and at the same time maintain their potential for growth (Shah et al. 2013, 130). However, a limited amount of risk is healthy and therefore, should be considered in order to ensure rapid growth and competitive advantage in the market. Risks are associated in every individual aspect of a projects life cycle. A risk event may arise from a projects scope, schedule, cost or even the projects quality standards (Snyder 2013, 201). Thus, managing project risks is essential that in turn consists of a number of activities starting with identifying the potential risks, performing an assessment and analysis on the risks in order to prioritize them, undertaking suitable and appropriate risk treatment and risk mitigation strategies and ultimately monitoring and reviewing the identified risks throughout the life cycle of a particular project (Toze 2016, 154). To be more precise, a particular project associates with itself a number of risks, which is usually identified and managed by the project manager ahead of time for including them in the risk management plan for the project (Urbansky and Schock 2012, 85). According to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBoK) guide, risk management plan is concerned with analyzing and responding to the risks by minimizing the probability or the consequences and severity of impact associated with certain risk events (Warrick and Ekwue 2014, 5). The risk management plan specified in PMBoK methodology specifically involves a series of activities or stages. These stages and processes are interrelated with each other and share a common knowledge area gathered from the business or phases of a specific project undertaken by a company (Wu and Olson 2015, 9). These processes and stages are discussed individually in the sections as follows: 3.1 Risk Identification Risk identification process particularly deals with determining the potential risks that are likely to crop up or emerge and thereby affecting the outcomes and objectives of a particular project, or an organizations business scopes and life cycle (Shah et al. 2013, 135). Risk identification is an iterative process, which needs to be carried out on a regular basis throughout the life cycle of a project or venture. Risk identification involves a number of activities like brainstorming and expert judgments for figuring out the potential threats and risk events both internal as well as external. The risk identification plan incorporates three basic components (Nocco and Stulz 2012, 15). There are described underneath: Inputs: Identifying risks involves distinguishing the causes and corresponding effects. For this purpose, it needs a number of inputs for processing. These may involve a thorough and detailed description of particular service or product along with the associated technology, costs and schedule impacts (Urbansky and Schock 2012, 94). Precisely, it necessitates the major knowledge areas such as the work breakdown structure or WBS, estimates of costs and durations, staffing plan, procurement management planning details and other relevant documents and information (McNeil, Frey and Embrechts 2015, 56). Tools and techniques: As discussed previously, risk identification process is typically carried out with the help of a number of tools, techniques, methods and mechanisms that are applied by the risk manager or the project manager of a certain organization. Some of these most popular tools and techniques for identifying risks include: Checklists: Checklists are developed based on the possible and potential sources of risks. It typically takes into account the processes, outputs, technology issues, required skills, resources and other internal sources (McNeil 2013, 1). . Brainstorming: Brainstorming is another method employed for identifying potential risks. It involves looking closely into all possible aspects of the operational processes and departmental sources from where risks can possibly occur and figuring out the sources and causes of each corresponding risk (Mandri-Perrott and Stiggers 2015, 19). iii. Flowcharting: flowcharting is an effective tool to identify and document the causes and effects of risks by understanding them in a clear and concise manner (Lautze et al. 2014, 49). Interviewing: conducting risk oriented interviews can effective help identify risks by the sessions and planning activities with the stakeholders. Outputs: Outputs of conducting risk identification process with the aid of the tools and techniques as specified above, clearly helps in obtaining a number of useful and relevant information (Peters et al. 2014, 299). These include the potential risk events along with their individual characteristics and nature, the symptoms of risks as well as all the possible sources of risks. 3.1.1 Types of Risks Internal risks: The internal risks are mainly caused by factors and situations that arise from within an organization involving mainly the functions and operations. Internal risks can be better forecasted and thereby has greater chance for successful reduction and mitigation (Lam 2014, 106). Internal risk factors can be a number of components ranging from human resource factors, operational and organizational culture, and technological factors and so on. To be more precise, different nature and kinds of human factors are there that can potentially impose risk events for an organization. Some of these factors include strikes, employee mismanagement, conflicts, and dishonesty by staff members, ineffective leadership or weak management expertise (Kimbrough and Componation 2012, 23). Apart from that, technological factors include unexpected changes and modifications, unforeseen scope creeps, changes in distribution or delivery process for a companys services offerings. In addition to tha t, examples of physical risk events include damage or loss of organizational assets. Internals risks can also include inadequate IT support, infrastructural problems, and electricity supply issues and so on (Jeppesen et al. 2015, 36). External risks: External risks most commonly arise from factors and elements outside the organization. It may include economic factors. These risks are usually more difficult to forecast and companies face significant challenges in properly dealing with the external risks (Jaramillo et al. 2015, 88). Most common external factors that cause potential threats include natural factors, economic factors and political factors. Economic risks can be unforeseen changes in the market conditions and a result significant financial loss. Natural factors imposing potential risk involve natural disasters and likely natural phenomena, which disrupts and affects normal operations of a business or organization (Hrudey, Hrudey and Pollard 2012, 948). Apart from that, political risks consist of sudden changes in the political environment. To be more specific, factors and situations that are outside the control of a particular company and usually harder to predict and manage are external risks, which ca n be economic upheaval, sudden bankrupt condition of vendors, crimes, wars, and other likely events that somehow affects the company and its undertaken ventures and projects (Hoyt and Liebenberg 2011, 796). A critical instance of external risk can be a revolutionary government taking over a certain project. 3.2 Risk Quantification Risk quantification deals with evaluation of risks and interacting with the associated events so as to project outcomes. The opportunities and threats identified in the previous phase if risk identification are specifically considered in order to develop a particular strategy for quantifying as well as prioritizing them (Jaramillo et al. 2015, 50). The inputs to the risk quantification process essentially involve stakeholder risk tolerances, activity duration estimates, potential risk events and their individual corresponding characteristics, cost estimates as well as the potential sources of risks. The typical tools and techniques most commonly employed and adopted in enterprise organizations involve statistical sums, expert judgments, decision trees, simulation methods as well as expected monetary value (O'Donnell 2011, 178). Apart from that, as a result of performing the risk quantification process, several opportunities are obtained for the purpose of pursuing and responding to the threats as well as potentially ignore or accept certain circumstances. 3.3 Risk Analysis The risk analysis process is significantly complex and requires a detailed and in-depth knowledge and idea about the identified risk events in the initial step (i.e. risk identification) of the risk management plan. The risk checklists or registers are utilized for the attempt of performing a specific type of risk analysis strategy (e.g. either qualitative or quantitative analysis) (Covello and Mumpower, 2012, 120). It is majorly important for considering this particular risk management phase in every stage of a projects life cycle in order to be able to successfully manage the project. Performing an effective risk analysis involves assessing the roles and responsibilities, budget, categories of risk, stakeholder risk tolerances in order to define the probability and impact of each individual risk, prioritize the risks accordingly and ultimately carry out and develop the final version of the probability impact matrix. 3.3.1 Quantitative Risk Analysis Quantitative risk analysis technique typically focuses on the aspects of structured interviews and information modeling strategies. In addition to that, it includes decision tree analysis (as discussed in risk quantification section) (Barton, Shenkir and Walker 2012, 52). Sensitivity analysis deals with determining the severity of each individual risk. Apart from that, Monte Carlo analysis, Tornado diagrams and expert judgments are popular quantification tools. 3.3.2 Qualitative Risk Analysis Qualitative risk analysis involves a number of tools such as assessing risk probability and impact for identifying the exact likelihood that a particular risk event will occur (probability assessment) as well as the potential effect of that event on the objective and outcomes of a business venture or a project including its quality, budget, schedule and performance (impact assessment). Based on these assessments, the accurate evaluation of each risk is performed and therefore, the risks can then be prioritized using the Probability Impact Matrix. Accordingly, the risks are grouped to individual categories based on the high and low priority risks by giving them relative ranking or scores (Urbansky and Schock 2012, 79). 3.4 Risk Response Development Risk response development is concerned with determining the suitable methods and strategies for planning, controlling and responding to each individual risk. For this purpose, PMBoK defines a typical risk response development process involving several steps to deal with responding to potential threats as well as opportunities (Allan 2015, 123). There are usually most common three classifications/ categories of responses. These are thoroughly discussed in the section below: Risk Avoidance: Avoiding risks refers to taking particular action or step for the purpose of eliminating the risk by means of reducing the probability and/ or impact. Risk Transfer: Transferring risks deals with shifting a particular risk to a third party so as to enable smooth management by transferring the liability. It can be done by taking out insurance, establishing contracts and so on. Risk Mitigation: Risk mitigation strategy concerns with taking earliest possible action for attempting to reduce the impact and probability of a certain risk that occurs (Banerjee 2016, 70). Risk mitigation is adopted when it is observed that taking early action to manage the risk will be significantly more effective rather than trying to reduce the after effects and consequences for handling the loss or damage. Risk acceptance: risk acceptance strategy concerns itself with the process of accepting the consequences there are two basic forms of acceptance viz. active and passive such as establishing a contingency reserve with respect to money, time or resources. Contingency plans: These are predefined actions and steps that are to be undertaken when a particular risk event identified before has already been occurred (Hoyt and Liebenberg 2011, 820). Contingency plans are considered as one of the major and essential components of a risk management plan and are integrated with the overall planning of a project. Alternative strategies: It deals with preventing against certain risky situations by means of altering or changing a preplanned approach. iii. Reserves: Reserves are referred to typical provisions in the plan for mitigating costs or schedule risk. 3.5 Risk Monitoring and Control There a number of effective ways and strategies for controlling risks. It involves reassessment of risks, audits, risk variance and trends analysis, technical performance measurement, meetings and so on. The variety of tools and techniques employed for monitoring and controlling risks essentially involve workarounds, taking corrective actions as well as making sure to include adequate and appropriate updates to the risk management plan (Dickinson 2011, 365). Therefore, risk response control is important and crucial as the part of risk management plan, as it effectively manages change as they occur and also properly quantifies, identifies takes corrective responsive strategies in an iterative manner (Kimbrough and Componation 2012, 20). The controlling of risk may involve selective alternative strategies, implementing a contingency plan, taking the right action, and rescheduling the project. The owner of risk response should report time to time to the project manger and the risk TL (Team Leader) on the impact of the plan and other unanticipated impacts and any mid level course verification required mitigating the risk. 3.6 Practical Implementation of ERM and Risk Management plans 3.6.1 ERM implemented by Water and Sewerage Authority of Trinidad and Tobago WASA has embraced far reaching concentrates on and is finishing an assessment of vulnerability and risks. This suggests courses of action are as of now in progress for misfortune occasions that can happen amid the tropical storm or stormy season period. ERM indicates the first step toward success (Abrams et al. 2012, 220). As the risk managements improved standard is a progressive process, achieving it instantly is not possible (Quadri, Komal and Khalil 2015, 23). During the development process, the scope and the initiative process of the ERM are being developed by the organization. The benefit of the organization decides the initiative and the scope of the enterprise risk management, and also it get influenced by the requirements and expectations of distinct stakeholders in the organization (Barton, Shenkir and Walker 2012, 55). The Project Management Institutes PMBoK (Project Management Body of Knowledge) suggests the best practices for developing an appropriate and effective enter prise Risk Management Plan (Lam 2014, 40). 3.6.2 Disaster Management plan implemented by Water and Sewerage Authority of Trinidad and Tobago WASAs disaster management is characterized as a scope of exercises intended to keep up control over debacle and crisis circumstances and to give a structure to encouraging at-danger organizations to maintain a strategic distance from or recuperate from the effect of the catastrophe (Sato et al. 2013, 11). Calamity readiness is a scope of exercises in building up crisis arrangements, clearing arranges, prepositioning supplies, open mindfulness and preparing go for planning groups for the onset of a catastrophe. The disaster management cycle outlines the progressing procedure by which governments, organizations, and common society arrangement for and lessens the effect of fiascos, respond amid and promptly taking after a fiasco, and find a way to recoup after a disaster has happened. ERM Maturity Levels The ERM Committee of RIMS (Risk and Insurance Management Society) developed the ERM maturity model, realizing the need for ERM education and mechanism. The individual levels of maturity helps risk management practitioners, regulators and senior enterprise leaderships to evaluate the adequacy and efficiency of their organizations unique Risk Management Program and thereby determine the areas of improvement. The risk and governance professionals within their corresponding organizations consider the Risk Maturity Model for Enterprise Risk Management (Smith 2013, 61). RMM can be a useful tool for risk managers across all industry levels and sectors, from financial institutions to individual risk managers. The main purpose of the ERM Risk Maturity Model is to provide an effective means for improving the ERM practices by serving both as a benchmarking and as an educational tool. ERM classifies the maturity model into five individual levels of maturity. Any organization, including the water industries, essentially needs to apply these programs in order to achieve each level of maturity (Chofreh et al. 2014, 141). Explanation: The maturity achievement scores on the ERM maturity model range from one to five and incorporate total 25 competency drivers. An organization having a score of three or above indicates that it has a presence of repeatable and above risk-based Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Program (Smith 2013, 23). 4. Conclusion It can be concluded that enterprise risk management plan is essential in almost every organization, industry and every fields of business to make sure a certain venture or project does not fail due to specific unwanted situations and suffering from potential damage and loss. ERMP or Enterprise Risk Management Plan typically incorporates a detailed systematic and methodical approach, which in turn involves a series of interrelated activities and stages and processes that takes care of managing potential risks that may crop up in the life cycle of a project undertaken by a particular organization or business. An enterprise has to completely consider the effect of any considered change on the organizations various business aspects. Identifying new water sources by WASA will be significantly effective instead of concentrating on the reduction of the leaks and breakages, because of the highly increasing demands for industrial water resulting from rapid growth and development in the indust rial sector. To be more precise, adding new sources to the network to increase water supply can be an effective alternative solution for the time consuming and low return procedure associated with detection and reduction of leakages. References Abrams, Carl, Juerg Von Kanel, Samuel Muller, Birgit Pfitzmann, and Susanne Ruschka-Taylor. 2012. "Optimized enterprise risk management."IBM Systems Journal46, no. 2: 219-234. Allan, Richard. 2015. "The impact of regulation, ownership arrangements, and management culture on risk management practices within the water industry." Antweiler, Werner.2014. Elements of Environmental Management. University of Toronto Press. Ballantyne, Ryan. 2013. "An Empirical Investigation into the Association between Enterprise Risk Management and Firm Financial Performance." PhD diss., Lawrence Technological University. Banerjee, Bhabatosh. 2016. "Enterprise Risk Management."The MA Journal51, no. 3: 66-72. Barton, Thomas L., William G. Shenkir, and Paul L. Walker.2012. Making enterprise risk management pay off. FT Press. Baxter, Ryan, Jean C. Bedard, Rani Hoitash, and Ari Yezegel. 2013. "Enterprise risk management program quality: Determinants, value relevance, and the financial crisis."Contemporary Accounting Research30, no. 4: 1264-1295. Bromiley, Philip, Michael McShane, Anil Nair, and Elzotbek Rustambekov. 2015. "Enterprise risk management: Review, critique, and research directions."Long range planning48, no. 4: 265-276. Chofreh, Abdoulmohammad Gholamzadeh, Feybi Ariani Goni, Awaluddin Mohamed Shaharoun, Syuhaida Ismail, and JiÃ…â„ ¢ Jaromr Kleme. 2014. "Sustainable enterprise resource planning: imperatives and research directions." Journal of Cleaner Production 71: 139-147. Covello, Vincent T., and Jeryl Mumpower. 2012. "Risk analysis and risk management: an historical perspective."Risk analysis5, no. 2: 103-120. Dean, Jonathan ME, Fredericka Deare, Keizel Kydd, Jennie Ward-Robinson, and Paul R. Hunter. 2012. "Rainwater harvesting in rural Trinidad; a cross sectional, observational study."Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development2, no. 4: 241-249. DeLoach, James W.2012. Enterprise-wide risk management: strategies for linking risk and opportunity. Financial Times Prentice Hall. Dickinson, Gerry. 2011. "Enterprise risk management: Its origins and conceptual foundation."The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance. Issues and Practice26, no. 3: 360-366. 3.4 Risk Response Development Conclusion

Music Appreciation Classical Era Essay Example For Students

Music Appreciation: Classical Era Essay Listening to different genres of music that come from different parts of the world; we can learn something about that time period and place based on the artists expression through their music. Besides history it also teaches us much more. Music builds coordination, rhythm, helps with peoples math skills social skills, and is an outlet for people to express themselves. 3. ) Music is a crucial part of society and it has many functions. One function would be unity. Each country has its own distinct national anthem. A national anthem is made to create unity among the people and create a strong sense of nationalism. A second function would be entertainment. Music helps entertain and amuse society. We hear it in the background while shopping and even in movies to intensify a scene. A third function would be for expression. Music has been around for a long time and looking back on different eras of music it is a window looking into what is going on during that time. A fourth function would be music serves as a religious purpose. The followers of different groups of religion sing different hymns and songs that they feel connect them to their lord. 4. ) Classical and pop music differ in many ways especially when it comes to listening to them. When listening to classical music you hear a vast majority of instruments that are played with such precision. There is also a grand scale of emotion that can be played in classical music. When listening to pop music no days it is much more controlled by the computer and you can hear how tweaked he music has been to make the sound better. The voice is also used much more than it is in classical music. 5. ) Concert halls filled with numerous different instruments, as well as, the amount of each opposed to stages with a few key instruments hooked up to speakers or amplifiers are very different experiences. The small stage and lesser instruments lead to the unnecessary conductor. Also, the sound quality or tone color is not as rich on a stage as opposed to concert halls and orchestras, the wide array of instruments are exterminated in a band on a stage. For personal listening, a record player or speakers are completely different listening styles. One you get direct more, personal transmittance of sound with headphones and buds, with the lack of bass tones, but on speakers you lose some sounds as they escape through the distance of the speaker and the ear of the listener, but bass sound waves do travel more efficiently. I believe that they are two completely different planes of music listening Music Appreciation: Classical Era By Alexandra]Nathan but I do enjoy all styles of music listening on their own plane.